• Convergence problem of $a_n=(1-\frac12)^{(\frac12-\frac13)^{...^{(\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1})}}}$

let us moving to telescopic sum using exponent ,Assume we have this sequence: $a_n=(1-\frac12)^{(\frac12-\frac13)^{...^{(\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1})}}}$ with $n\geq1$ , This sequence can be written as power of sequences :${x_n} ^ {{{y_n}^{C_n}}^{......}}$ such that all them value are in $(0,1)$, We want to know if the titled sequence should converge to $1$ ? ...

OpenYear of origin: 2001

Posted online: 2021-07-11 01:00:10Z by Rafik Zeraoulia191

• Dynamical Systems
• Mathematical Physics
• Periodicity of $n=6$ on iterative sum power divisor function

Let ${\sigma}_x(n) =\sum_{d\div n} d^x$ is the sum divisor function. After a few computations in wolfram alpha about the divisor function for some values of $n$ to look the behavior of $\sigma_x(n)\bmod n$ for $\,n=6,\,$ we got this result : $\sigma_x(6)=0 \bmod 6$ for $x$ odd and $2 \bmod 6$ if $x$ is even. One can ask this question: Is $n=6$ the only integer satisfies $\sigma_x(n) \equiv 0\bmod n$ for every odd integer $x > 0$ and $2 \bmod n$ if $x$ is even integer? One can answer this question using divisibility and Congruence properties for sum power divisor function, you can see the proof in this paper. The answer of this question yield to reformulate the following problem regarding periodicity on iterative of sum power divsior function. ...

OpenYear of origin: 1984

Posted online: 2021-07-09 11:09:08Z by Rafik Zeraoulia86

• Number Theory
• Combinatorics
• Integral representation of solution of an elliptic PDE in divergence form

Suppose we have a second order elliptic differential operator $$L(v) = -\text{div}(A(x) \nabla v)$$ $A(x)$ is a bounded and strictly positive definite matrix with Hölder continuous entries. And suppose $\Omega$ is a $C^1$ domain (can be considered more regular if required). ...

Open

Posted online: 2021-05-26 16:33:17Z by Harish Shrivastava30

• Analysis of PDEs
• Classical Analysis and ODEs
• Some problems regarding the existence and regularity of minimizers of variational problems with gradient constraint

Let $\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^n$ be a bounded Lipschitz domain. Let $N$ be a compact convex set and assume that $\sigma: N\to \mathbb{R}$ is a bounded convex function such that $u\in C^1(N^\circ)$ and strictly convex on $N^\circ$. Consider the functional \begin{align*} E[u]=\int_{\Omega}\sigma(\nabla u(x))dx, \end{align*} defined for all Lipschitz functions $u\in C^{0,1}(\Omega)$ such that $\nabla u(x)\in N$ for a.e. $x\in \Omega$ and called this closed convex subset of Lipschitz functions $\mathscr{A}_N(\Omega)$. Furthermore, chose a $\phi \in \mathscr{A}_N(\Omega)$ and let \begin{align*} \mathscr{A}_N(\Omega,\phi):=\{u\in \mathscr{A}_N(\Omega): u\vert_{\partial \Omega}=\phi\}. \end{align*} ...

Open

Posted online: 2020-11-04 08:26:10Z by Erik Duse44

• Analysis of PDEs
• KPZ universality conjecture for the KPZ equation with general initial data

The question is to prove that the solution to the tuned KPZ $$\partial_{t}h(x,t)=\partial_{x}^{2}h(x,t)+\delta(\partial_{x}h(x,t))^{2}+\delta^{1/2}\xi,$$ ...

Open

Posted online: 2020-10-04 04:57:12Z by Tomas Kojar25

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• Probability
• Problem 3: minimizing the first eigenvalue with an obstacle of given perimeter

The corresponding minimization problem with the area constraint replaced by a perimeter constraint (whatever notion of perimeter one would consider) is in general not well-posed. Indeed, for every $L>0$, one can construct a sequence of smooth connected and closed sets $K_n\subset\overline\Omega$ of perimeter $L$ approaching a subset of $\partial \Omega$ so that $\lambda_1(\Omega\setminus K_n)\downarrow \lambda_1(\Omega)$ as $n\to\infty$ (notice that by regularity there is no doubt on the notion of perimeter of $K_n$). Therefore, as in Problem 2, we restrict the class of admissible obstacles to convex sets. For a fixed $L\in (0,P(\overline{\Omega}))$, consider the {minimization} problem $$\label{prob3} \min \{ \lambda_1(\Omega\setminus K) : \; \text{K\subset \overline{\Omega}, K closed and convex, P(K)=L}\}.$$ The existence of a minimizer is a consequence of the compactness of the class of convex sets and of the continuity of the perimeter w.r.t Hausdorff convergence of convex sets. Notice that, for particular domains $\Omega$ and small values $L$, it is still possible to have trivial solutions. For example, if the boundary $\partial\Omega$ contains a segment and if $L$ is smaller than twice the length of such a segment, then every segment contained in $\partial \Omega$ of perimeter $L$ is a minimizer. On the other hand, if $L$ is large enough, every minimizer has positive Lebesgue measure, since minimizing sequences will not be able to degenerate to a segment. In any case, one expects that every minimizer touches the boundary $\partial \Omega$. ...

Open

Posted online: 2020-04-11 10:54:41Z by Antoine Henrot35

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• Spectral Theory
• Analysis of PDEs
• Optimization and Control
• Problem 2: maximizing the first eigenvalue with an obstacle of given~area

The corresponding maximization problem (of Problem 1) has no solutions. Indeed, one can construct a sequence of closed sets $K_n\subset\overline\Omega$ of Lebesgue measure $A$ so that $\lambda_1(\Omega\setminus K_n)\uparrow \infty$ as $n\to\infty$ (for instance by taking $K_n$ as the union of a given closed set in $\overline \Omega$ of area $A$ with a curve filling $\overline \Omega$ as $n$ increases, see [9], [10] where the limit distribution in $\overline{\Omega}$ of such curves is studied in detail). To guarantee the existence of a maximizer one needs to prevent maximizing sequences to spread out over $\overline\Omega$. This can be achieved by imposing stronger geometrical constraints on the class of admissible obstacles (notice that connectedness is still not sufficient). Therefore, for a fixed $A\in (0, \mathcal{L}(\Omega))$, we are led to consider the maximization problem $$\label{prob2} \max \{ \lambda_1(\Omega\setminus K) : \; \text{K\subset \overline{\Omega}, K closed and convex, \mathcal{L}(K)=A}\}.$$ Now, the existence of a maximizer in the restricted class of convex sets is straightforward (see [3], [5]). Moreover, as convexity seems necessary for the existence, it is natural to expect every solution of this maximization problem to saturate the convexity constraint, in the sense that the boundary of any solution should contain non-strictly convex parts. In particular, it would be interesting to know whether this maximization problem has only polygonal sets as solutions, see [7], [8] for results in this direction for shape optimization problems with convexity constraints. ...

Open

Posted online: 2020-04-11 10:54:41Z by Antoine Henrot12

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• Spectral Theory
• Analysis of PDEs
• Optimization and Control
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